Introduction
At the very top of Sri Lanka sits Jaffna—a place like no other on the island. Known for its strong Tamil traditions, ancient Hindu temples, colonial buildings, and flavorful local food, Jaffna is full of culture and history.
For many years, it was difficult to visit due to the civil war. But today, Jaffna is open to travelers looking for something different—peaceful places, local life, and a deeper understanding of Sri Lanka’s diverse people. From lively markets and old ruins to quiet islands and beautiful lagoons, Jaffna offers a special experience that’s both unique and truly Sri Lankan.
Where is Jaffna?
- Province: Northern Province
- District: Jaffna District
- Distance from Colombo: ~400 km (~7–9 hours by road or train)
- Nearby regions: Kilinochchi, Mannar, Vavuniya
Why Visit Jaffna?
- Experience authentic Tamil Hindu culture and traditions
- Visit Nallur Kandaswamy Kovil, one of the most sacred Hindu temples in Sri Lanka
- Explore Dutch, Portuguese, and British colonial ruins
- Taste unique northern cuisine not found elsewhere in Sri Lanka
- Island-hop around the Jaffna Peninsula and surrounding islets
Historical Overview
Jaffna was the center of the Jaffna Kingdom, a Tamil monarchy that ruled from the 13th to 17th centuries. The Portuguese conquered it in 1619, followed by the Dutch in 1658 and the British in 1796. During the Sri Lankan Civil War (1983–2009), the region became heavily restricted, but since peace was restored, Jaffna has gradually returned to its cultural vibrance.
Top Attractions in Jaffna
1. Nallur Kandaswamy Kovil
- The most iconic and revered Hindu temple in the north
- Dedicated to Lord Murugan
- Features an elaborate golden gopuram (tower) and vibrant rituals
- Best time to visit: during the Nallur Festival (July–August)
2. Jaffna Fort
- Originally built by the Portuguese in 1618, expanded by the Dutch
- One of the largest colonial forts in Asia
- Offers views of the city, lagoon, and surrounding landscapes
- Sunset photography spot and a symbol of Jaffna’s complex past
3. Library of Jaffna
- Once one of Asia’s biggest libraries, tragically burned in 1981
- Symbol of cultural identity and loss
- Now restored and open to the public
- Important stop for those interested in Jaffna’s intellectual heritage
4. Keerimalai Sacred Water Spring
- Natural spring believed to have healing properties
- Located near the ocean and popular with pilgrims
- Also features Naguleswaram Temple, one of the five ancient Shiva temples in Sri Lanka
5. Casuarina Beach
- The most popular beach near Jaffna
- Located on Karainagar Island
- Shallow, calm waters ideal for swimming
- Lined with casuarina trees offering shade and a peaceful atmosphere
6. Dambakola Patuna
- Ancient port where Buddhism first arrived in Sri Lanka from India
- Features a temple commemorating Sanghamitta’s arrival with the Bodhi tree sapling
- Scenic coastal location and historically significant
7. Nagadeepa (Nainativu Island)
- Sacred to both Buddhists and Hindus
- Home to Nagadeepa Purana Viharaya (Buddhist temple) and Nagapooshani Amman Kovil (Hindu temple)
- Reached by boat from Kurikattuwan Jetty
- A unique blend of interfaith reverence on a small island
Cultural Experiences in Jaffna
Tamil Cuisine
- Jaffna food is spicier and more aromatic than southern Sri Lankan dishes
- Must-try dishes include:
- Jaffna Crab Curry – Often cooked with fresh lagoon crab
- Odiyal Kool – Seafood soup with palmyra root
- Pittu & Sothi – Traditional breakfast with coconut milk curry
- Vadai & Ulundu – Street snacks made from lentils
- Don’t forget the Palmyrah fruit, Jaffna mangoes, and ice cream from Rio’s
Festivals and Celebrations
- Nallur Festival: Largest and most colorful festival in Jaffna (July–August), lasting over 25 days
- Thai Pongal: Harvest festival celebrated in January with food, music, and kolam art
- Deepavali (Diwali): Festival of lights celebrated with lamps, fireworks, and sweets
- Hindu temple chariot parades throughout the year
Day Trips and Island Hopping
- Delft Island (Neduntheevu):
- Remote island with wild ponies, Dutch fort ruins, and coral walls
- Accessible by ferry from Kurikattuwan
- Kayts Island:
- Dutch forts, salt pans, and fishing villages
- Scenic drives and birdwatching
- Punkudutivu:
- Gateway to Nagadeepa
- Quiet and rural, ideal for peaceful exploration
Accommodation in Jaffna
Luxury
- Jetwing Jaffna – Central location, rooftop views, modern comfort
- North Gate by Jetwing – Near railway station, good service
Mid-Range
- Thambu Illam – Boutique heritage-style guesthouse
- Subhas Hotel – Spacious, family-friendly, near Nallur Temple
Budget
- Yaarl Hostels – Affordable with a backpacker vibe
- Nallur Residence – Homely and economical
How to Get to Jaffna
- By road: ~7–9 hours from Colombo via A9 Highway
- By train: Scenic ride from Colombo Fort Station (Intercity trains take ~8–9 hours)
- By air: Domestic flights available from Colombo to Jaffna International Airport (Palaly)
Getting Around
- Tuk-tuks are widely available
- Bicycles can be rented for local exploration
- Public buses run to nearby towns and temples
- Private car hires recommended for island hopping or full-day excursions
Best Time to Visit Jaffna
- January to April: Dry season, ideal for sightseeing
- May to September: Hot but mostly dry
- October to December: Rainy season; fewer tourists but occasional flooding
Travel Tips
- Respect religious customs—especially at Hindu temples (dress modestly)
- Women should wear shoulder and knee-covered attire in temples
- Always ask permission before taking photos of locals
- Be mindful of language differences (Tamil is the dominant language here, not Sinhala)
Fun Facts about Jaffna
- Palmyrah trees are central to Jaffna’s culture—used for food, crafts, and toddy (a local drink)
- The Jaffna Railway Line was fully restored after the war, reopening the region
- Jaffna has its own versions of Tamil literature, music, and classical dance
- The northern peninsula is dotted with lagoons—a paradise for birdwatchers and nature lovers
- The people of Jaffna are known for their hospitality, resilience, and strong cultural identity
Sustainable Travel in Jaffna
- Support locally owned homestays and eateries
- Minimize single-use plastics, especially on islands
- Avoid disturbing wildlife and preserve temple sanctity
- Respect the historical scars of war—some areas are still recovering
Conclusion
Jaffna is more than just a place to visit-it’s a story of strength, recovery, and deep cultural pride. Whether you’re exploring the old streets of Nallur, enjoying spicy crab curry, or taking a boat to peaceful islands, every experience brings you closer to the heart of Sri Lanka.
For travelers who love culture, history, and hidden gems, Jaffna is one of the country’s best-kept secrets-just waiting to be discovered.